By the first printing house, where turned themselves old believers with their orders was the printing house of the orthodox brotherhood of epiphany in the Mogileve-on- Dnepr. Were there printed two Chasovnika (about 1701 g.) and psalter (1705).
Existence of orthodox printing house in Mogileve under difficult conditions of the anti-orthodox policy of Polish- Lithuanian state was ensured by the special benevolence of Polish kings at the end OF THE XVII - beginning OF THE XVIII of substances, to the inhabitants Of mogileva. They deserved this by voluntary surrender to Poles and by the destruction of Moscow garrison in 1660, during the current Russian- Polish war. In the appreciation for this Jan Sobesskiy in 1676 gave out privilege to the establishment in Mogileve of printing house "for the free printing of any kind of the Polish and Russian spiritual books". This privilege was confirmed in 1701 by new Polish king avgust.
Yarmolinicha of wax paper. The weakness of local diocesan authorities allowed M.Voshchanke of more than 10 years to hold in control strong pressure of the brotherhood, which was being attempted to tame and to subordinate to its interests of the adroit leaseholder of printing house. Because of the calculation of demands sovremenngo to it the reader, the wax paper obtained big enough profits. At the end of 1704 the brotherhood began judicial lawsuit with The the m.Voshchankoy, that was being lasted until its death in 1708.
Apparently, because of death of printer and in connection with the course of the events of northern war printing house interrupted its activity to 1716.
Subsequently, in the 30th and 60's the xviii century was printed another number of publications (Chasovnik and psalter) with the same output data as in the books of the beginning of century. There are numerous foundations for assuming that they were also released by the printing house of Mogilev brotherhood.
Chernigov.
In the period of stagnation into the work of the printing house of Mogilev orthodox brotherhood the old believers were handled orders into Chernigov Trinity- Ilinskiy's printing house monastery. In 1717 there was there perepechatana Mogilev psalter of 1705 and, probably, Chasovnik of 1701 this collaboration became possible because although Chernigov entered into the composition of Russia, up to 1720 the cloister printing house, located in the very outskirts of state, did not have sufficiently rigid control control from the side of central authorities, it was sufficiently independent in the selection of the published literature and were oriented toward the demand of malorossiyskogo book market. At the end of the second decade THE XVIII century in connection with the offensive of government to the Old Faith, was strengthened the control of the activity of the printing houses, which published religious literature. In 1720 the consequence on business of Chernigov and Kiev -pecersko1 printing houses began. Printing for the old believers imputed by the first into the fault, the second - nonconformity was text the books to Moscow publications. As a result Kiev -pecerska4 printing house was set under the tight control of synod, and Chernigov is completely closed.
The print run of the Old Faith publications, released in Chernigov, apparently, was very great. Psalter of 1717 at present is encountered much more rarely than its Mogilev publications. However, Chasovnik to this day by bibliography is not registered. On its existence we assume on the basis of the information, existing in the consequence on business of Chernigov and Kiev printing houses of 1720. In his materials it is indicated that in Chernigov were printed the "training prayer books at will of dissenters".
The customer of the first Mogilev and Chernigov editions was Kaluga merchant- old believer It erast Stepanovich kadmin. As evidence that serve not only archive documents, but also publications themselves. In publication of one of Mogilev Chasovnikov of 1701 on the spot of signatures are written the letters, which are added into its name, patronymic and surname.