The first strictly Old Faith printing house arose in the settlement the keys Of surazhskogo district, Chernigov province in the middle of the 80th the yr. of the xviii C. By this time in Russia appeared the legally substantiated possibility of the institution of particular printing houses in connection with the emperor edict of 15 January, 1783, that resolved them.
In the spring of 1784 merchants V.ya. Zheleznikov D.S. Rukavishnikov of podali application about permission to open the printing house, in which they were collected to print the books, the "named prologues". By decisions of 29 March and on 25 June Of surozhskogo namestnicheskogo administration permission was given; however, the printing of the church books was forbidden by them. Petitioners of podali complaint to malorossiyskomu governor general P. To a. Rumyantsev and because of his assistance on 5 August, 1785, was obtained permission to the reprinting of the old books.
The activity of the typographical enterprise brought in the keys, apparently, was so successful, that it was enlarged from the autumn of 1786, or March 1787 and they placed equipment in two houses. This became possible also because of the fact that the professionals in the printing were prepared. There is reason to believe that these institutions subsequently worked as independent printing houses.
In 1787 klintsovskiye printers turned themselves to the director of the savings of Nizhniy-Novgorod namestnichestva P. prokudin with the request to solve trade in the books at The makar'evskoy fair published by them. Prokudin decided to obtain opinions about Nizhniy-Novgorod bishop damaskin's this, and that, in turn, for resolution of a difficult question he turned himself into the synod. The appearance on 27 July, 1787, of edict about the prohibition of sale of the church books in such a case became result, when they were printed not on the initiative of synod or commission of people schools. Was at the same time brought the investigation matter about the printing of the "forbidden books" in the keys, although because of the delays in the consequence the printing house continued to work, also, in the beginning of 1788. At the end the January- beginning of February of 1788 was produced the examination of klintsovskikh printing houses. With the search in houses 4.K. Zheleznikov and D.S. Rukavishnikova revealed warrants, tools for their casting and small quantity of copies of the already printed books. All obtained books and materials were konfiskovany, but for the owners of printing house it was possible to hide significant equipment component. By confirmation to that is publication Rukavishnikovym in 1788. "journeys to the holy places" V. g. grigorovica-Barskiy, printed by civil type and, possibly, several kirillicheskikh books. Already in the spring of 1788 4.K. Iron clays it began to bustle about about the return to it of the selected typographical materials, which on 6 June, 1789, were returned to its son Of vasiliyupri the condition that it not will print the Old Faith books. However, in the fall of 1789 the typographical material Of zheleznyakovykh was used for the printing of Old Faith publications in M. Strel'bitskogo, from where in the consequence it passed into Makhnovku and Janov.
Fate of typographical material D. Rukavishnikova is more mysterious. There is no Izvestia that it would undertake any actions for the return to it konfiskovannogo. The ornamentation, which was being adapted in its publications, is revealed again only in head of the xix C. - in the books, published type. F.K. and A.F. Kartashevykh in the keys.
In all within the legal period of the activity of printing house were printed about 40 publications.