From the 16th century 64 Chapters on every aspect of life, on worship, honor of tsar and the home The father was the head of the family, the master whom his wife, children and servants must obey. Children should be raised in fear of punishment. Having praised the value of punishment, The Family Code offered advice on teaching children handicraft and housework. A wife must be faithful and obedient to her husband. Her greatest value was in being “good, hardworking and quiet.” She must raise the children and work at home, cooking, washing, sewing, preserving food being economical and thrifty. Her every step, her every wish, must be endorsed by her husband. Rebellion is anticipated. If the husband sees that his wife is clumsy, insubordinate, or does not heed his advice, The Family Code permits a lashing, a lesson for which she should be thankful. There are mercies. The Family Code advises the husband not to get carried away, so as not to accidentally cause serious injury. Advice to Fathers: “Punish your son in his youth and be at peace in your old age... If you have daughters, rule them strictly, and you will protect them from harm.” Advice to wives: “You should ask about everything, get advice about everything: where to go out, whom to invite into your house, and what to talk about with your guests.” - Family Code In the 17th century Peter I changed some things. Thinness was, for Russian women of that time, considered a real deficiency, and there were several sure methods for gaining weight. The traditional Russian dress was cumbersome and heavy. It swung from the shoulders like a bell, ensuring that the dress in no way clung to the form of the woman's body. Neck and shoulders were covered by an expensive cloth or fur collar. The dress was worn with a headdress, which for married women completely hid the hair. Untidy hair was a sign of deep grief or trauma. Peter's new fashions . . . agitated women and made men indignant for they zealously guarded the modesty of their wives and daughters. The new style affected men in that they had to part with their beard. Peter I had a set of codes produced called An Honest Mirror of Youth. It advised young men to be obedient to God and faithful to the tsar, to honor the old, respect parents, and to behave politely, not only at home but on the street or when visiting. Peter's code for youth also had this advice. “It's terribly rude, when someone blows his nose as if he were blowing a trumpet, or sneezes loudly, like a scream, and frightens other people or in church scares small children... “If you are walking on the street, be careful not to look around you or walk with your mouth agape, like a lazy ass... “When visiting, appear neat and clean and do not forget good manners... “Wash your hands and sit decorously, and don't grab for the first dish. Don't eat like a pig, splattering everywhere... don't jiggle your legs... don't wipe your mouth with your hand... don't lick your fingers and don't gnaw on the bones... don't talk with your mouth full, and so on.”